Ngomhla we-15 ka-Oktobha, abaphandi beYunivesithi yaseChalmers yeThekhnoloji eSweden baye baphumelela ngempumelelo uhlobo olutsha lweglasi e-ultra-stable kunye neyomeleleyo kunye nezicelo ezinokuthi zibandakanya amayeza, izikrini zedijithali eziphambili kunye nobuchwepheshe beseli yelanga. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba indlela yokuxuba iimolekyuli ezininzi (ukuya kuthi ga kwisibhozo ngexesha) kunokuvelisa izinto ezisebenza kakuhle njengezona zixhobo zokwenza iglasi ziyaziwa ngoku.
I-Glass, eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-amorphous solid", yimpahla engenalo uluhlu olude olucwangcisiweyo-ayifaki iikristale. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinto zekristali zizinto ezicwangcisiweyo kakhulu kunye neepateni eziphindaphindiweyo.
Izinto esihlala sizibiza "iglasi" kubomi bemihla ngemihla ubukhulu becala busekelwe kwi-silica, kodwa iglasi inokwenziwa ngezinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, abaphandi bahlala benomdla wokufumana iindlela ezintsha zokukhuthaza izinto ezahlukeneyo zokwenza le meko ye-amorphous, enokuthi iholele ekuphuhliseni iiglasi ezintsha kunye nezakhiwo eziphuculweyo kunye nezicelo ezintsha. Uphando olutsha olupapashwe kutshanje kwijenali yesayensi "Inkqubela phambili yeSayensi" ibonisa inyathelo elibalulekileyo eliya phambili kuphando.
Ngoku, ngokuxuba nje iimolekyuli ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, ngequbuliso savula amandla okwenza izinto ezintsha nezingcono zeglasi. Abo bafunda iimolekyuli zezinto eziphilayo bayazi ukuba ukusebenzisa umxube weemolekyuli ezimbini okanye ezintathu ezahlukeneyo kunokunceda ukwenza iglasi, kodwa bambalwa abanokulindela ukuba ukongeza iimolekyuli ezininzi kuya kuphumeza iziphumo ezibalaseleyo,” iqela lophando likhokele uphando. UNjingalwazi uChristian Müller ovela kwiSebe leKhemistri kunye nobuNjineli beMichiza yeYunivesithi yase-Ulms uthe.
Iziphumo ezilungileyo kuyo nayiphi na imathiriyeli yeglasi
Xa ulwelo luphola ngaphandle kwecrystallization, kwenziwa iglasi, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-vitrification. Ukusetyenziswa komxube weemolekyuli ezimbini okanye ezintathu ukukhuthaza ukubunjwa kweglasi ngumbono oqolileyo. Nangona kunjalo, umphumo wokuxuba inani elikhulu leemolekyuli kwisakhono sokwenza iglasi lifumene ingqalelo encinci.
Abaphandi bavavanya umxube weemolekyuli ezisibhozo ezahlukeneyo ze-perylene, ezikuphela kwento enobunkunkqele obuphezulu-olu phawu lunxulumene nokulula okwenza iglasi. Kodwa ukuxuba iimolekyuli ezininzi kunye kukhokelela ekuncipheni okubonakalayo kobuqhophololo kwaye yenze iglasi eyomeleleyo yangaphambili ene-ultra-low brittleness.
“I-brittleness yeglasi esiyenzileyo kuphando lwethu iphantsi kakhulu, nto leyo emele obona buchule bokwenza iglasi. Asilinganisanga kuphela nayiphi na imathiriyeli ephilayo kodwa kunye neepolima kunye nemathiriyeli ye-inorganic (njengeglasi yentsimbi eninzi). Iziphumo zingcono ngakumbi kuneglasi eqhelekileyo. Iglasi yokwenza isakhono seglasi yefestile yenye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo zeglasi esizaziyo, ”utshilo uSandra Hultmark, umfundi ogqirha kwiSebe leKhemistri kunye nobuNjineli beMichiza kunye nombhali okhokelayo wophononongo.
Yandisa ubomi bemveliso kwaye ugcine izixhobo
Usetyenziso olubalulekileyo lweglasi yendalo ezinzileyo ziitekhnoloji zokubonisa ezifana nezikrini ze-OLED kunye nobuchwepheshe bamandla ahlaziyekayo obufana neeseli zelanga eziphilayo.
“Ii-OLED zenziwe ngeglasi yeemolekyuli ezikhupha ukukhanya. Ukuba zizinzile, kunokonyusa ukuqina kwe-OLED kwaye ekugqibeleni ukuqina komboniso, utshilo uSandra Hultmark.
Esinye isicelo esinokuzuza kwiglasi ezinzile ngakumbi ngamachiza. Iziyobisi ze-Amorphous zinyibilika ngokukhawuleza, ezinceda ukufunxa ngokukhawuleza isithako esisebenzayo xa kufakwe. Ke ngoko, amachiza amaninzi asebenzisa iifom zeyeza elenza iglasi. Kumachiza, kubalulekile ukuba ivitreous material ingaqaqambi ngokuhamba kwexesha. Okukhona lizinzile iyeza eliyiglasi, kokukhona ubomi beshelufu bechiza bubude.
"Ngeglasi ezinzile ngakumbi okanye izinto ezintsha zokwenza iglasi, sinokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yeemveliso ezininzi, ngaloo ndlela sigcina izixhobo kunye noqoqosho," kusho uChristian Müller.
"I-vitrification yomxube we-Xinyuanperylene kunye ne-ultra-low brittleness" ipapashwe kwijenali yenzululwazi "Inkqubela phambili yeSayensi".
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-06-2021