Umntu othanda ukusela iwayini uya kuzenzela eyakhe iwayini, kodwa bona bakhetha iidiliya ezithengwa emarikeni.Umgangatho we wayini eyenziwe ngalomdiliya ngokuqinisekileyo awukho mhle njengalowo wenziwa ngemidiliya ye wayini evunyiweyo.Uyawazi umahluko phakathi kwezi diliya zimbini?
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo
Umdiliya wewayini kunye neediliya zetafile ziphuma kwiintsapho ezahlukeneyo.Phantse zonke iidiliya zewayini zezomdiliya wase Eurasia (Vitis Vinifera), kwaye eminye imidiliya yetafile nayo iphuma kolusapho.Uninzi lweediliya zetafile, kodwa, zezomdiliya waseMelika (Vitis Labrusca) kunye ne American muscadine (Vitis Rotundifolia), iindidi ezingafane zisetyenziswe ekwenzeni iwayini kodwa ziyatyiwa kwaye zinencasa kakhulu.
2. Imbonakalo yahlukile
Imidiliya yewayini ikholisa ukuba namaqunube ahlangeneyo kunye namaqunube amancinci, logama imidiliya yetafile ikholisa ukuba namaqunube axegayo kunye namaqunube amakhulu.Imidiliya yetafile iqhele ukuphinda-phinda kabini ubukhulu bomdiliya we wayini.
3. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulima
(1) Iidiliya zewayini
Izidiliya zewayini zilinywa kakhulu emasimini.Ukuze kuveliswe imidiliya ye wayini ekumgangatho ophezulu, abenzi be wayini bakholisa ukucotha imidiliya ukunciphisa isivuno ngomdiliya ngamnye kwaye baphucule umgangatho wemidiliya.
Ukuba umdiliya uthe wavelisa iidiliya ezininzi, oko kuya kuchaphazela isongo sediliya;kwaye ukunciphisa isivuno kuya kwenza incasa yomdiliya igxile kakhulu.Okukhona imidiliya ixinene, kokukhona umgangatho we wayini uyakuveliswa.
Ukuba umdiliya uthe wavelisa iidiliya ezininzi, oko kuya kuchaphazela isongo sediliya;kwaye ukunciphisa isivuno kuya kwenza incasa yomdiliya igxile kakhulu.Okukhona imidiliya ixinene, kokukhona umgangatho we wayini uyakuveliswa.
Xa imidiliya yetafile ikhula, abalimi bakhangela iindlela zokunyusa isivuno sediliya.Umzekelo, ukuze kuthintelwe izitshabalalisi nezifo, abalimi abaninzi beziqhamo baya kubeka iingxowa kwiidiliya eziveliswa ukukhusela iidiliya.
4. Ixesha lokukhetha lahlukile
(1) Iidiliya zewayini
Umdiliya we wayini uvunwa ngokwahlukileyo kunomdiliya wetafile.Umdiliya wewayini uneemfuno ezingqongqo ngexesha lokuvunwa.Ukuba ixesha lokuvuna lingaphambili kakhulu, iidiliya aziyi kukwazi ukuqokelela iswekile eyaneleyo kunye nezinto ze-phenolic;ukuba ixesha lokuvuna lisemva kwexesha, isiqulatho seswekile yediliya siya kuba phezulu kakhulu kwaye neasidi iya kuba sezantsi kakhulu, okuya kuthi kuchaphazele ngokulula umgangatho we wayini.
Kodwa ezinye iidiliya zivunwa ngabom, njengasemva kokuwa kwekhephu ebusika.Iidiliya ezinjalo zinokusetyenziswa ukwenza iwayini yomkhenkce.
iidiliya zetafile
Ixesha lokuvuna lomdiliya wetafile liphambi kwexesha lokuvuthwa ngokwasemzimbeni.Xa kuvunwa, isiqhamo kufuneka sibe nombala wendalo kunye nencasa yendalo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, inokuvunwa ngexesha ukusuka ngoJuni ukuya kuSeptemba, kwaye phantse akunakwenzeka ukulinda de kube semva kobusika.Ngoko ke, imidiliya yeTafile ivunwa kwangethuba kunemidiliya yewayini.
Ubukhulu besikhumba buyahluka
Iintsuba zediliya zewayini ziqhelekile ukuba ngqindilili kuneemvaba zetafile, eziluncedo kakhulu ekwenzeni iwayini.Ngenxa yokuba kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwewayini, ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukukhupha umbala owaneleyo, i-tannin kunye ne-polyphenolic flavour substances kwiikhumba zeediliya, ngelixa iidiliya ezintsha zetafile zinezikhumba ezincinci, inyama eninzi, amanzi amaninzi, i-tannins encinci, kwaye kulula ukuyidla.Inencasa eswiti kwaye inencasa, kodwa ayikhuthazi ukwenza iwayini.
6. Umxholo weswekile owahlukileyo
Imidiliya yetafile inomlinganiselo we Brix (umlinganiselo womlinganiselo weswekile kulwelo) we 17% ukuya kwi 19%, kwaye umdiliya we wayini unomgangatho we Brix wama 24% ukuya kuma 26%.Ukongeza kuluhlu ngokwalo, ixesha lokuvunwa komdiliya we wayini lihlala lisemva kwexesha kunelo letafile yediliya, nto leyo eqinisekisa ukuqokelelwa kweglucose yewayini.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-12-2022